12 Common Accounting Terms Explained

Accounting professionals use a variety of terms and acronyms that are common within the
industry. However, those terms may sound like a foreign language or a magical incantation to
those that aren’t familiar with them. Typically applied to businesses, they can also be relevant
in relation to individuals.
Accounts Receivable
Often abbreviated as AR, it’s the money that customers owe a business for products or services
that have been provided/delivered.
Accounts Payable
Abbreviated as AP, it’s the money a company or business owes their suppliers and vendors for
goods or services.
Assets
An asset is anything that has current or future monetary value, such as rental property, patents,
vehicles, and equipment.
Balance Sheet
It’s a financial report providing a summary of what a company owns, owes, and shareholder
equity.
Capital
Known as CAP, it represents the value of an asset such as goods or cash.
Cash Flow
CF is the revenue and anticipated expense a business expects to generate.
Equity
Referred to as QE, in its simplest form, equity is what a company has when debts (liabilities) are
subtracted from assets.
Liability
There are both long-term and short-term liabilities. A short-term liability (STL) is money owed
within a year. Long-term liabilities (LTL) are money owed over multiple years.
Limited Liability Company
LLCs have a business structure in which owners/members can’t be sued for debts or liabilities
the company incurs.

Net Income
Net income (NI) is also known as net profit. It’s the money a company makes after subtracting
all expenses from all income generated.
Return on Investment
ROI is the amount of financial gain/profit that’s expected to be made compared to the price
that was paid (invested).
IRA
An IRA or Roth IRA are retirement savings accounts. Individuals can divert pre-tax money to an
IRA and the funds aren’t taxed until they’re withdrawn. A Roth IRA isn’t tax deductible, but
funds aren’t taxed when withdrawn.

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Accounting
posted by Mark Battalini
June 26, 2022

What is Farm Accounting?

Farm businesses need the services of an agricultural accountant. In many instances, farm businesses are large corporations. Farm accountants provide an essential service for farmers, helping them anticipate expenses, track expenditures, and ascertain ventures that will be most profitable – such as planting more corn, wheat or soybeans and letting field lie fallow.

Reporting and tracking farm expenses pose some interesting challenges. Cash basis accounting is one type of method to report income and costs and can be used to report taxable farm income. Farm accounting is utilized to record all goods, money and services used in the farming industry.

A farm accountant will deal with a variety of aspects relating to their client, from cash flow, day-to-day expenses, government subsidies when applicable, and even estate planning. Farm accountants provide a wide range of information to their clients to help them make informed and strategic decisions about their business and potential risks.

Agriculture plays a major role in the nation’s overall economy, just as much as oil and other resources. The accounting specialists will need an extensive variety of knowledge. They’ll need to be cognizant of fluctuating costs and prices, have an understanding of how unpredictable weather affects the business, and changing commodity prices locally and around the globe.

Farming is a unique type of business with special challenges. Farmers always have the last decision, but they rely on an agricultural accountant to help them plan for purchases of land, equipment and the operation of their business. Agricultural accounts are responsible for filing taxes on time, accounting for assets, liabilities and depreciation, along with meeting specific government regulations and definitions.

Farm accounting is an ideal profession for anyone that loves numbers and farming. They’ll be called upon to keep track of arable land to native plants, pasture to crop production, changes in land use, and even green/sustainable farming practices.

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Accounting
posted by Mark Battalini
March 20, 2022

Services Offered by Accounting Firms

An accounting firm offers an extensive array of services to meet a multitude of needs. They have highly trained CPAs that provide personalized guidance in financial matters of all types to maximize client profitability. They assist clients in creating strategies for the future, meeting financial goals, and minimizing tax liability.

Tax Services

Tax services encompass far more than simply filing taxes with the IRS at the appropriate time. Accounting firms help clients develop strategies and plans to reduce taxes on income, investments, and retirement distributions. An accounting firm will also assist clients in reducing taxes on gifts and their estate, along with optimizing available financial opportunities.

Accounting

Startups, established enterprises and sole proprietorships can all benefit from the services of an accounting firm for budgeting, corporate tax planning, and accounting systems. Many businesses provide profit sharing plans and employee benefits to attract and retain the best workers. An accounting firm will help clients establish those benefits in a cost-effective way.

Payroll

One of the biggest expenses for any company is its payroll and records must be kept meticulously. Accounting firms prepare payrolls, handle direct deposits and ACH payments, and take care of federal and state tax payments. An accounting firm will also prepare W-2s, 1099 statements, and provide clients with monthly and quarterly payroll reports.

Consulting

One of the many services provided by an accounting firm, and one of the most valuable, is consulting. Accounting firms help clients focus on what’s most important to them to achieve their financial goals through forecasting and cash flow budgeting. They create personal financial statements, provide ledger services, and clients receive litigation support.

Attestation

Individuals should choose an accounting firm that offers all three levels of attestation – audits, reviews and compilations. The firms conduct in-depth audits to confirm inventories, transactions, and account balances. Reviews are provided to ensure the integrity of information and compilations prepared for internal management.

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Accounting
posted by Mark Battalini
November 29, 2020

What Does an Audit Report Contain?

Most audit reports on financial statements give the business a clean bill of health, or a clean opinion. At the other end of the spectrum, the auditor may state that the financial statements are misleading and should not be relied upon. This negative audit report is called an adverse opinion. That’s the big stick that auditors carry. They have the power to give a company’s financial statements an adverse opinion and no business wants that. The threat of an adverse opinion almost always motivates a business to give way to the auditor and change its accounting or disclosure in order to avoid getting the kiss of death of an adverse opinion. An adverse audit opinion says that the financial statements of the business are misleading. The SEC does not tolerate adverse opinions by auditors of public businesses; it would suspend trading in a company’s stock share if the company received an adverse opinion from its CPA auditor.

One modification to an auditor’s report is very serious – when the CPA firm says that it has substantial doubts about the capability of the business to continue as a going concern. A going concern is a business that has sufficient financial wherewithal and momentum to continue it normal operations into the foreseeable future and would be able to absorb a bad turn of events without having to default on its liabilities. A going concern does not face an imminent financial crisis or any pressing financial emergency. A business could be under some financial distress but overall still be judged a going concern. Unless there is evidence to the contrary, the CPA auditor assumes that the business is a going concern. If an auditor has serious concerns about whether the business is a going concern, these doubts are spelled out in the auditor’s report.

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Accountant
posted by Mark Battalini
November 28, 2020

How To Find A Good Accountant

Finding a good accountant does not always end up being a simple task. There are so many accountants that seem to appear every year, it is hard to know who to choose to put in charge of your finances. Finding an accountant is a very serious task that is never taken lightly, especially since it involves your business. Here are two simple steps of how to choose an accountant that you can trust with your business’s finances.

The first thing you do to find a good accountant is to build a list of referrals from credible sources. To find resources for these referrals may seem like a daunting task at first, however, it is simpler to accomplish this goal than what you think. You can go to such resources such as your local bank, any type of financial planners that you may have, and you can even talk to your current insurance agent about people they know about to be your accountant. If you have any contacts or affiliations with other businesses, then you can ask them for accountant referrals as well. These are all trusted resources that can provide you with some good leads on who you can trust to be your accountant. Finding accountant candidates through trusted resources such as your business’s bank is one of the best ways to find an accountant. Most professional referrals like this mean that the accountant has a good reputation.

Once you have your accountant referrals, you then want to contact them and exchange information. Feel free to tell the accountant about your business as well as your accounting needs and expectations. While you give the accountant your information, also ask for theirs. Some key things you want to find out is if the accountant can handle a business in your industry and your size, as well as finding out all of the services they offer. Do not be afraid to look at their portfolio and get estimates for their services. Be sure you know what services the fees cover. You never want to select an accountant whose fees are too high for what you can afford. Make sure that you can maintain a good line of communication and determine if they are helpful and informative. The accountant who offers the most detail and takes the most time to not only tell you about the services they can offer you, but also listens to your concerns, is usually the type of accountant that you are looking for.

After gathering all of the information about the accountants, then make the decision of who is the right accountant for you. Remember that you will be having a long business relationship with your accountant, so you want to select an accountant that you feel you can build a good rapport with as well as someone who will have you and your business’s best interest in mind.

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Accounting
posted by Mark Battalini
October 31, 2020

7 Great Accounting Jobs Right out of College

Anyone going into the accounting field should know that there are abundant opportunities for employment straight out of college, with jobs available in the private and public sectors. Those that want to work with multiple clients can find satisfaction in public accounting. For those that prefer to work for a single company, private accounting may be a better choice.

Accounts Payable

A wide range of businesses, particularly in the healthcare field, employ accountants to perform collection calls on overdue accounts, send invoices, and resolve problems with clients in regard to their bills. It’s a rapidly expanding field with multiple opportunities.

Auditing

Auditing is more than just ensuring that the numbers add up. A wide array of companies employ accountants to look for sources of lost revenue. That can encompass identifying areas of duplicated effort or deficiencies in control mechanisms. Individuals may also be responsible for investigating consumer or vendor claims.

Bookkeeping

Accounts are essential personnel for any business endeavor. In addition to tracking and monitoring income, costs, and financial transactions, individuals will be responsible for providing clients with regular reports and updates about their financial status. They are often called upon to handle a company’s payroll. Don’t overlook the opportunities for accountants at schools, universities, and government entities.

Forensics

The job of a forensic accountant is to examine data, discover where money has gone missing, and how to recover it. As individuals advance in the field, they may also be called upon to testify in court cases as an expert witness and work with law enforcement personnel.

Information & Technology

This is ideal for individuals that are as enthusiastic about technology as they are numbers. There’s a myriad of accounting software from which individuals and companies can choose and accountants in this field will be responsible for helping clients select the best financial software for their needs.

Loans and Analysis

Believe it or not, many banks employ accountants as tellers, credit analysis specialists, and loan officers. Individuals often perform credit checks and financial pre-approvals for loans on homes, vehicles, and business equipment.

Tax Preparation

Preparing taxes is an essential service and many newly fledged accountants begin illustrious careers performing tax preparation. It’s also possible for accountants to acquire regular business clients through the contacts they make doing taxes.

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Accounting Firms
posted by Mark Battalini
September 30, 2020

Top Qualities of a Good Accounting Firm

An accounting firm is a great way to relieve the stress of tax time and it’s a real time saver for individuals already pressed for time. Hiring the right firm may not be so easy, though. In today’s world, being “good with numbers” or the least expensive option isn’t enough. One little mistake in this field can have serious and expensive repercussions.

A good accounting firm does more than simply keep the books and file your taxes. It will be able to effectively communicate a wide range of business information and opportunities. The following are the top qualities that an accounting firm should exhibit.

Personalized Service

Each business is different and a superior accounting firm understands that. A full service tax firm will be able to help you develop tax strategies, create plans to meet financial goals, and help you manage your assets. Your accounting firm should meet with you several times a year, not just at tax time.

Experience and Education

The accounting firm should have experience in your particular industry. That means they’ll know your business and any applicable deadlines. Tax laws change frequently and without notice. An accounting firm will be cognizant of current tax laws and how they impact your business. The firm’s accountants will have extensive education and should have met the licensing requirements of a certified public accountant (CPA).

Accuracy and Detail

You’ll obviously want a firm that’s accurate, which means it will be detail oriented. The firm will prepare reports to keep you informed of your financial status, identify potential issues and suggest solutions, and provide guidance to reduce costs, enhance revenues, and maximize profitability.

Technology Literate

The days of accountants laboring with paper and pencil are long gone. An accounting firm should be utilizing state-of-the-art technology, advanced accounting software, and other technology-based tools.

Business Strategies

An accounting firm will be able to provide effective advice and strategies whether the business is a start-up or an established company of long standing. The firm will be able to provide you with the information you need to make sound and informed business decisions that helps your enterprise grow and evolve.

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Tax Preparation
posted by Mark Battalini
August 29, 2020

The Importance of Keeping Good Records

Every business owner knows the value of maintaining accurate records for tax purposes, but keeping good records also provides individuals with a measure of the health of their enterprise. It doesn’t matter if it’s a brick and mortar store or operated completely online through e-commerce, good record keeping is critical.

It’s recommended that individuals keep pertinent records for three years and that includes tax returns. Most business owners envision boxes and file cabinets full of paper documents and that can seem overwhelming. Welcoming the digital age and appropriate software programs into a business will eliminate the clutter and keep records immediately available should they be needed for any contingency.

Keeping good records provides business owners with the knowledge required to know if their endeavor is failing or flourishing. It also tells them which products are selling well, where their largest expenditures are, and any areas where changes may need to be made.

Business owners have a legal obligation to maintain full and accurate records about their enterprise. They’ll need those records if they’re audited by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) or asked to explain any items on their tax returns.

Maintaining detailed records enables individuals to prove income, deductible expenses for tax purposes, and make projections about their tax liability. Those records will also be utilized to prepare a variety of financial statements and balance sheets that will be essential when working with banks and creditors.

Good record keeping allows business owners to ascertain where the majority of purchases are originating, along with the reliability of the vendors with which they regularly conduct business. The receipts provide a record of who pays promptly and who doesn’t.

All of those records provide a health check on the business, allowing owners to make critical decisions about issues such as expansions, new product lines, vendors, and employees. Keeping good records is the key to operating any business more efficiently, effectively, and profitably.

Accounting Software can Save you Time

Time is your most valuable asset. Accounting software can save you time that can be invested back into the business or on pleasurable pursuits. The software provides greater accuracy and multiple record types that can be recalled at any time for any reason. Accounting software is equally applicable whether you’re operating a large corporation, small business, brick and mortar store, or online enterprise.

Even your accountant utilizes software to minimize the potential for errors and automate tasks. You’ll find that today’s options for accounting software is affordable, easy to use, and provides capabilities and functionalities of which you may not be aware. It’s ready to use straight out of the box and typically doesn’t require much in terms of setting it up.

One of the great things about accounting software is the ability to automate the repetitive tasks that take up your time. The software is able to automate invoicing, payment reminders, collections and budgeting, just to name a few. The software is also able to integrate with multiple departments.

Invoicing, statements and other documents can be created automatically and sent to clients electronically via email or printed out and faxed. The feature saves you a substantial amount of time and facilitates payment collection without the need to rely upon time-consuming Excel spreadsheets.

Most accounting software will allow you to automatically transfer and import data from spreadsheets into the program. If you offer credit accounts, the software can identify contact information for those that owe you money and provide a detailed account of the transaction. Financial reports can be prepared for yourself and you’ll have the option of being able to send them to other recipients as needed.

Today’s modern accounting software will have powerful analytics, the ability to create custom reports, and delve deep within your company’s structure to determine where any improvements or changes should be made. With accounting software, you’ll spend less time on repetitive tasks and have the tools to plan for your company’s health and future.

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Uncategorized
posted by Mark Battalini
July 30, 2020

Smart Things to do with your Tax Refund

It can be extremely tempting to use your tax refund to reward yourself with a mini-vacation or buy something you’ve been wanting. Unfortunately, when the money is spent it’s gone for good and you’ll still be looking at the same debts as before while trying to make ends meet. The following is a list of the smartest things that anyone can do with their tax refund.

Debt

Pay off any credit card debt if possible or a significant portion of it. Depending upon your individual circumstances, you may choose instead to pay down student loan debt.

Education

Consider an educational fund for your children. Costs continue to increase and an education fund will lessen the student loan burden when they seek a degree. You may want to take advantage of continuing education for yourself and the fund may even be tax deductible.

Emergencies

A major car repair, medical expense, or job loss can happen at any time. An emergency fund will help meet those challenges without breaking into the rent money.

Home Improvements

There are dozens of home improvement projects that are necessary, but it may be difficult to handle the cost all at once. A new roof, more efficient air conditioning, or a bathroom or kitchen update is a good investment, especially if you’re thinking of selling your home.

Life Insurance

A life insurance policy is one of the most overlooked precautions for families. A term policy can provide for final expenses and pay off debt upon your death.

Mortgages

Make extra payments on your mortgage. More of your monthly payments will begin going toward the principal instead of interest.

Retirement

The time for retirement will arrive sooner than you think and you need to be prepared. Consider putting your tax refund into a traditional or Roth IRA where it will stay safely tucked away when you’re no longer working.

Savings

Establishing a separate savings account from your primary savings and checking will keep the money out of sight and out of mind. You won’t be tempted to spend it on impulse buys.

Start a Business

If you’ve ever dreamed of being an entrepreneur with your own business, a tax refund can help you realize that goal. The best part is that you don’t have to quit your regular job while you’re building your brand.

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accounting professionals